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Causes Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
| | Aggression | | Aggression is hostile behavior or the initiation of an attack. Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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| | Extremists and Spoilers | | Extremists are people who take extreme views--those which are much stronger, and often more fixed than other people's views of the same situation. In escalated conflicts, extremists may advocate violent responses, while more moderate disputants will advocate less extreme measures. Summary Articles: From Beyond Intractability Project Recommended References: From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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| | Globalization | | Globalization is the ongoing process of linking people around the world: economically, socially, and culturally. In terms of conflict, globalization has benefits and costs. Some people think it will reduce international conflicts by increasing interdependence, others see the inequities inherent in the way it is happening as a major cause of conflict. Summary Articles: From Beyond Intractability Project Recommended References: From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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| | Hate Crimes | | Hate crime is a criminal offense that is perpetrated by an individual or group of individuals, against a member or members of a specific social or cultural group that is motivated by a hatred toward that group. Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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| | High-Stakes Distributional Issues | | These are distributional conflicts that really matter: over jobs, land, a parent's love. Since the stakes are high, the willingness to compromise or lose may be low, making resolution more difficult. Summary Articles: From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Organization
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| | Identity(View Additional Sub-Topics) | | Identity refers to the way people see themselves; the groups they feel a part of, the significant aspects of themselves that they use to describe themselves to others. Identity issues underlie many very difficult conflicts, as identity is very deeply-rooted and non-compromisable. So perceived threats to one's identity make conflict inevitable. Summary Articles: CRInfo -- From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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| | Intolerable Moral Differences | | Intractable moral conflicts tend to arise when one group views the beliefs and actions of another group as being so fundamentally evil that they exceed the bounds of tolerance. The abortion debate in the United States is an example of a moral conflict. Summary Articles: From Beyond Intractability Project Recommended References: From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Organization
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| | Into-the-Sea Framing | | When a conflict becomes intractable, many people hope that their enemy will simply disappear. They pursue overwhelming victory without ever really considering the fact that they will still have to live with their enemies after the conflict. Recommended References: From Beyond Intractability Project Full Resource Listings: Web -- Print -- Organization -- All
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